To see what is right and not to do it is

【廿四章】【一節】子曰、非其鬼而祭之、諂也。【二節】見義不為、無勇

也。

CHAP. XXIV. 1. The Master said, 'For a man to sacrifice to

a spirit which does not belong to him is flattery.

2. 'To see what is right and not to do it is want of

courage.'

whether the affairs ...

【廿三章】【一節】子張問十世、可知也。【二節】子曰、殷因於夏禮、

所損益、可知也、周因於殷禮、所損益、可知也、其或繼周者、雖百世、可

知也。

CHAP. XXIII. 1. Tsze-chang asked whether the affairs of

ten ages after could be known.

2. Confucius said, 'The Yin dynasty followed the

regulations of the Hsia: wherein it took from or added to them

may be known. The Chau dynasty has followed the regulations

of Yin: wherein it took from or added to them may be known.

Some other may follow the Chau, but though it should be at the

distance of a hundred ages, its affairs may be known.'

how a man without truthfulness

【廿二章】子曰、人而無信、不知其可也、大車無輗、小車無軏、其何以行

之哉。

CHAP. XXII. The Master said, 'I do not know how a man

without truthfulness is to get on. How can a large carriage be

made to go without the cross-bar for yoking the oxen to, or a

small carriage without the arrangement for yoking the horses?'

not engaged in the government

【廿一章】【一節】或謂孔子曰、子奚不為政。

【二節】子曰、書云孝乎、惟孝友于兄弟、施於有政、是亦為政、
奚其為為政。

CHAP. XXI. 1. Some one addressed Confucius, saying, 'Sir,

why are you not engaged in the government?'

2. The Master said, 'What does the Shu-ching say of filial

piety?-- "You are filial, you discharge your brotherly duties.

These qualities are displayed in government." This then also

constitutes the exercise of government. Why must there be

THAT-- making one be in the government?'

Behavior of a govener

【二十章】季康子問使民敬忠以勤、如之何。子曰、臨之以莊、則敬、孝慈、

則忠、舉善而教不能、則勤。

CHAP. XX. Chi K'ang asked how to cause the people to

reverence their ruler, to be faithful to him, and to go on to

nerve themselves to virtue. The Master said, 'Let him preside

over them with gravity;-- then they will reverence him. Let

him be filial and kind to all;-- then they will be faithful to him.

Let him advance the good and teach the incompetent;-- then

they will eagerly seek to be virtuous.'

the people will submit.

【十九章】哀公聞曰、何為則民服。孔子對曰、舉直錯諸枉、則民服、舉枉

錯諸直、則民不服。

CHAP. XIX. The Duke Ai asked, saying, 'What should be

done in order to secure the submission of the people?'

Confucius replied, 'Advance the upright and set aside the

crooked, then the people will submit. Advance the crooked and

set aside the upright, then the people will not submit.'

Hear while you speak cautiously ...

【十八章】【一節】子張學干祿。【一節】子曰、多聞闕疑、慎言其餘、則

寡尤、多見闕殆、慎行其餘、則寡悔、言寡尤、行寡悔、祿在其中矣。

CHAP. XVII. 1. Tsze-chang was learning with a view to

official emolument.

2. The Master said, 'Hear much and put aside the points

of which you stand in doubt, while you speak cautiously at the

same time of the others:-- then you will afford few occasions

for blame. See much and put aside the things which seem

perilous, while you are cautious at the same time in carrying

the others into practice:-- then you will have few occasions for

repentance. When one gives few occasions for blame in his

words, and few occasions for repentance in his conduct, he is in

the way to get emolument.'

c

knowledge

【十七章】子曰、由、誨女知之乎、知之為知之、不知為不知、是知也。

CHAP. XVII. The Master said, 'Yu, shall I teach you what

knowledge is? When you know a thing, to hold that you know

it; and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not

know it;-- this is knowledge.'

study of strange

【十六章】子曰、攻乎異端、斯害也己。

CHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'The study of strange
doctrines is injurious indeed!'

Learning and thought

【十五章】子曰、學而不思則罔、思而不學則殆。

CHAP. XV. The Master said, 'Learning without thought is

labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.'

superior man mean man

【十四章】子曰、君子周而不比、小人比而不周。

CHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'The superior man is catholic
and no partisan. The mean man is partisan and not catholic.'

acts before he speaks

【十三章】子貢問君子、子曰、先行其言、而後從之。

CHAP. XIII. Tsze-kung asked what constituted the
superior man. The Master said, 'He acts before he speaks, and
afterwards speaks according to his actions.'

accomplished scholar

【十二章】子曰、君子不器。

CHAP. XII. The Master said, 'The accomplished scholar is
not a utensil.'

How to become a teacher

【十一章】子曰、溫故而知新、可以為師矣。

CHAP. XI. The Master said, 'If a man keeps cherishing his
old knowledge, so as continually to be acquiring new, he may
be a teacher of others.'

can a man conceal his character

【第十章】
【一節】子曰、視其所以。
【二節】觀其所由。
【三節】察其所安。
【四節】人焉廋哉、人焉廋哉。

CHAP. X.
1. The Master said, 'See what a man does.
2. 'Mark his motives.
3. 'Examine in what things he rests.
4. 'How can a man conceal his character? How can a man conceal his character?'

stupid or not

【第九章】子曰、吾與回言終日、不違、如愚。退兒省其私、亦足以發、回
也不愚。

CHAP. IX. The Master said, 'I have talked with Hui for a
whole day, and he has not made any objection to anything I
said;-- as if he were stupid. He has retired, and I have
examined his conduct when away from me, and found him able
to illustrate my teachings. Hui!-- He is not stupid.'

filial piety

【第八章】子夏問孝、子曰、色難、有事、弟子服其勞、有酒食、先生饌、
曾是以為孝乎
CHAP. VIII. Tsze-hsia asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, 'The difficulty is with the countenance. If, when
their elders have any troublesome affairs, the young take the
toil of them, and if, when the young have wine and food, they
set them before their elders, is THIS to be considered filial
piety?'

filial piety

【第七章】子游問孝、子曰、今之孝者、是謂能養、至於犬馬、皆能有養、
不敬、何以別乎。
CHAP. VII. Tsze-yu asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, 'The filial piety of now-a-days means the support
of one's parents. But dogs and horses likewise are able to do
something in the way of support;-- without reverence, what is
there to distinguish the one support given from the other?'

filial piety

【第六章】孟武伯問孝、子曰、父母唯其疾之憂。

CHAP. VI. Mang Wu asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, 'Parents are anxious lest their children should be
sick.'

Filial Piety

【第五章】【一節】孟懿子問孝、子曰、無違。【二節】樊遲御、子告之曰、
孟孫問孝於我、我對曰、無違。【三節】樊遲曰、何謂也、子曰、生事之以
禮、死葬之以禮、祭之以禮。

CHAP. V.
1. Mang I asked what filial piety was. The
Master said, 'It is not being disobedient.'
2. Soon after, as Fan Ch'ih was driving him, the Master
told him, saying, 'Mang-sun asked me what filial piety was, and
I answered him,-- "not being disobedient."'
3. Fan Ch'ih said, 'What did you mean?' The Master
replied, 'That parents, when alive, be served according to
propriety; that, when dead, they should be buried according to
propriety; and that they should be sacrificed to according to
propriety.'

ages

【第四章】
【一節】子曰、吾十有五而志于學。
【二節】三十而立。
【三節】四十而不惑。
【四節】五十而知天命。
【五節】六十而耳順。
【五節】七十而從心所欲、不踰矩。

CHAP. IV.
1. The Master said, 'At fifteen, I had my mind
bent on learning.
2. 'At thirty, I stood firm.
3. 'At forty, I had no doubts.
4. 'At fifty, I knew the decrees of Heaven.
5. 'At sixty, my ear was an obedient organ for the
reception of truth.
6. 'At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired,
without transgressing what was right.'

Law and Virtue

【第三章】【一節】子曰、道之以政、齊之以刑、民免而無恥。【二節】道
之以德、齊之以禮、有恥且格。

CHAP. III.
1. The Master said, 'If the people be led by
laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishments,
they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of
shame.
2. 'If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be
given them by the rules of propriety, they will have the sense
of shame, and moreover will become good.'

poetry

【第二章】子曰、詩三百、一言以蔽之、曰、思無邪。

CHAP. II. The Master said, 'In the Book of Poetry are
three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be
embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts."'

poetryc

【第二章】子曰、詩三百、一言以蔽之、曰、思無邪。

CHAP. II. The Master said, 'In the Book of Poetry are
three hundred pieces, but the design of them all may be
embraced in one sentence-- "Having no depraved thoughts."'

Govern with virtue

為政第二
BOOK II. WEI CHANG.

【第一章】子曰、為政以德、譬如北辰、居其所、而眾星共之。
CHAP. I. The Master said, 'He who exercises government
by means of his virtue may be compared to the north polar
star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it.'

knowing me or knowing men

【十六章】子曰、不患人之不己知、患不知人也。

CHAP. XVI. The Master said, 'I will not be afflicted at
men's not knowing me; I will be afflicted that I do not know
men.'

People, rich or poor...

【十五章】
【一節】子貢曰貧、而無諂、富而無驕、何如。子曰、可也、未
若貧而樂、富而好禮者也。
【二節】子貢曰、詩云、如切如磋、如琢如磨、
其斯之謂與。
【三節】子曰、賜也、始可與言詩已矣、告諸往而知來者。

CHAP. XV.
1. Tsze-kung said, 'What do you pronounce
concerning the poor man who yet does not flatter, and the rich
man who is not proud?' The Master replied, 'They will do; but
they are not equal to him, who, though poor, is yet cheerful,
and to him, who, though rich, loves the rules of propriety.'
2. Tsze-kung replied, 'It is said in the Book of Poetry, "As
you cut and then file, as you carve and then polish."-- The
meaning is the same, I apprehend, as that which you have just
expressed.'
3. The Master said, 'With one like Ts'ze, I can begin to
talk about the odes. I told him one point, and he knew its proper
sequence.'

man who loves to learn

【十四章】子曰、君子食無求飽、居無求安、敏於事、而慎於言、就有道、而正焉、可謂好學也已。

CHAP. XIV. The Master said, 'He who aims to be a man of
complete virtue in his food does not seek to gratify his
appetite, nor in his dwelling place does he seek the appliances of ease; he is
earnest in what he is doing, and careful in his speech; he
frequents the company of men of principle that he may be
rectified:-- such a person may be said indeed to love to learn.

right agreements and proper respect

【十三章】有子曰、信近於義、言可復也、恭近於禮、遠恥辱也、因不失其
親、亦可宗也。

CHAP. XIII. The philosopher Yu said, 'When agreements
are made according to what is right, what is spoken can be
made good. When respect is shown according to what is proper,
one keeps far from shame and disgrace. When the parties upon
whom a man leans are proper persons to be intimate with, he
can make them his guides and masters.'

a natural ease

【十二章】
【一節】有子曰、禮之用、和為貴、先王之道、斯為美；小大由
之。
【二節】有所不行、知和而和、不以禮節之、亦不可行也。

CHAP. XII.
1. The philosopher Yu said, 'In practising the rules of
propriety, a natural ease is to be prized. In the ways prescribed
by the ancient kings, this is the excellent quality, and in things
small and great we follow them.
2. 'Yet it is not to be observed in all cases. If one, knowing
how such ease should be prized, manifests it, without
regulating it by the rules of propriety, this likewise is not to be
done.'

filial

【十一章】子曰、父在、觀其志、父沒、觀其行、三年無改於父之道、可謂
孝矣。

CHAP. XI. The Master said, 'While a man's father is alive,
look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his
conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of
his father, he may be called filial.'

mode of asking info

【第十章】
【一節】子禽問於子貢曰、夫子至於是邦也、必聞其政、求之與、
抑與之與。
【二節】子貢曰、夫子溫､良､恭､儉､讓、以得之、夫子之求
之也、其諸異乎人之求之與。

CHAP. X.
1. Tsze-ch'in asked Tsze-kung, saying, 'When our
master comes to any country, he does not fail to learn all about
its government. Does he ask his information? or is it given to
him?'
2. Tsze-kung said, 'Our master is benign, upright,
courteous, temperate, and complaisant, and thus he gets his
information. The master's mode of asking information!-- is it
not different from that of other men?'

funeral rites

【第九章】曾子曰、慎終追遠、民德歸厚矣。

CHAP. IX. The philosopher Tsang said, 'Let there be a
careful attention to perform the funeral rites to parents, and let
them be followed when long gone with the ceremonies of
sacrifice;-- then the virtue of the people will resume its proper
excellence.'

The master said,

【第八章】
【一節】子曰、君子不重、則不威、學則不固。
【二節】主忠信。
【三節】無友不如己者。
【四節】過則勿憚改。


CHAP. VIII.
1. The Master said, 'If the scholar be not
grave, he will not call forth any veneration, and his learning
will not be solid.
2. 'Hold faithfulness and sincerity as first principles.
3. 'Have no friends not equal to yourself.
4. 'When you have faults, do not fear to abandon them.'

apply the mind to the love of the virtuous

【第七章】子夏曰、賢賢易色、事父母、能竭其力、事君、能致其身、與朋友交、言而有信、雖曰未學、吾必謂之學矣。

CHAP. VII. Tsze-hsia said, 'If a man withdraws his mind
from the love of beauty, and applies it as sincerely to the love
of the virtuous; if, in serving his parents, he can exert his
utmost strength;if, in serving his prince, he can devote his life; if, in his
intercourse with his friends, his words are sincere:-- although
men say that he has not learned, I will certainly say that he
has.'

How to behave at home, or outside

【第六章】子曰、弟子、入則孝、出則弟、謹而信、凡愛眾、而親仁、行有
餘力、則以學文。

CHAP. VI. The Master said, 'A youth, when at home,
should be filial, and, abroad, respectful to his elders. He should
be earnest and truthful. He should overflow in love to all, and
cultivate the friendship of the good. When he has time and
opportunity, after the performance of these things, he should
employ them in polite studies.'

The superior man bends his attention

【第二章】
【一節】有子曰、其為人也孝弟、而好犯上者鮮矣、不好犯上、
而好作亂者、未之有也。
【二節】君子務本、本立、而道生、孝弟也者、其為仁之本與。

CHAP. II.
1. The philosopher Yu said, 'They are few who,
being filial and fraternal, are fond of offending against their
superiors. There have been none, who, not liking to offend
against their superiors, have been fond of stirring up confusion.
2. 'The superior man bends his attention to what is
radical.

To rule a country

【第五章】子曰、道千乘之國、敬事而信、節用而愛人、使民以時。

CHAP. V. The Master said, To rule a country of a thousand
chariots, there must be reverent attention to business, and
sincerity; economy in expenditure, and love for men; and the
employment of the people at the proper seasons.'

Words and Virtue

【第三章】子曰、巧言令色、鮮矣仁。
【第四章】曾子曰、吾日三省吾身、為人謀、而不忠乎、與朋友交、而不信
乎、傳不習乎。

CHAP. III. The Master said, 'Fine words and an
insinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue.'
CHAP. IV. The philosopher Tsang said, 'I daily examine
myself on three points:-- whether, in transacting business for
others, I may have been not faithful;-- whether, in intercourse
with friends, I may have been not sincere;-- whether I may
have not mastered and practised the instructions of my
teacher.'

論語CONFUCIAN ANALECTS

【第一章】

【一節】子曰、 學而時習之、不亦說乎。

【二節】有朋自遠方來、不亦樂乎。

【三節】人不知而不慍、不亦君子乎。

CHAPTER I.

1. The Master said, 'Is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application?

2. 'Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters?'

3. 'Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?'